Food Hygiene & Sanitation Essay Example for Free

Food Hygiene Sanitation Essay Only without oxygen at an ideal temperature 43? C c. Only with oxygen at an ideal temperature of 43? C d. Only without oxygen at an ideal temperature of 39? C 7. Which of the following groups of hazards are most likely to cause a foodborne disease outbreak? a. Bacteria and viruses b. Parasites and molds c. Vibrio spp. and Shigella spp. d. Chemical and physical hazards 8. Bacteria grow best within a narrow temperature range called the temperature danger zone. The temperature danger zone is between: a. -18? C and 104? C b. -8? C and 65? C c. 5? C and 60? C d. 5? C and 100? C . Bacteria that cause foodborne illness will only grow on foods that have pH at _____ or above and a water activity (AW) above____. a. 3. 2; 0. 85 b. 4. 6; 0. 85 c. 6. 5; 0. 80 d. 8. 0; 0. 75 10. Which of the following bacteria produce a toxin that is more likely to cause death if consumed? a. Campylobacter jejuni b. Clostridium botulinum c. Shiga-toxin producing Escheria coli d. Listeria monocytogenes 11. Some bacteria form spores to help them: a. Reproduce b. Move easily from one location to another c. Survive adverse environmental conditions d. Grow in high acidic foods 12. Which of the following is a histamine poisoning? a. Ciguatoxin b. Scombrotoxin c. Mycotoxin d. Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) 13. Which of the following is not considered a potentially hazardous food group? a. Red meats b. Fish and shellfish c. Poultry and eggs d. Dried grains and spices 14. The most effective way to control the growth of bacteria in a food establishment is by controlling: a. Time and temperature b. pH and oxygen conditions c. Temperature and water activity d. Time and food availability 15. Food borne illness can caused by: a. Poor personal hygiene b. Cross contamination c. Temperature abuse d. All the above 16. Regarding food thermometers, which statement is false? a. Be calibrated b. Measure temperatures between 5? C and 57? C c. Measure temperatures between -18? C and 104? C d. Be approved for use in foods 17. Good personal hygiene includes a. Using hand sanitizers instead of washing hand b. Keeping hands and clothes clean and sanitary c. Wearing attractive uniforms d. Cleaning and sanitizing food-contact surfaces 18. Cross contamination is a term used to describe the transfer of a foodborne hazard from 1 food to another: a. By a food worker’s hand b. From a cutting board c. From a knife blade d. All of the above 19. After proper cooking, all foods that are to be held hot must be held at: a. 74? C or above b. 57? C or above c. Room temperature until served d. 49? C or above 20. Food workers should wash their hands after which of the following? a. Taking out the trash b. Touching their faces c. Handling raw food d. All of the above Section B (10 marks) Answer either True/ False. 1. The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point System is only used to monitor food processing in manufacturing plants. () 2. Certification of food protection managers and workers refers to screening done for health problems. () 3. The term food establishment includes any site where food is processed, prepared, sold or served. () 4. Bacteria and viruses cause most foodborne illness. () 5. One of the potentially hazardous food is cut melons. () 6. There are two types of bacteria that are spore forming and non-spore forming. () 7. Clostridium botulinum cannot cause death. () 8. E. Coli can be found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals. () 9. Prevention of cross contamination can be done by keeping raw food and ready-to-eat food together during storage. ) 10. Bacteria take 25 minutes to multiply. () Section C (20 marks) Briefly explain on each answer. 1.

Grunge Culture Essay -- Cultural Skater Grungy Essays

Grunge Culture Skaters. They are the typical representation of the grunge culture of the ‘90s. Extremely wide pants, pockets that go to the back of their knees, extravagant piercings, intricate tattoos, and twenty-fourth century hair dos are just part of the looks that these so called â€Å"grungy people† are made of. Or at least they were when the grunge phenomenon started. With the death of Kurt Cobain, lead singer of Nirvana, the grunge movement seems to have slowed down and even—as some say—disappeared from the main stream pop culture. As we all know, those commercial creations often come and go without us even noticing them. But grunge, I think, has moved to a different direction, one that can trick us into thinking it is gone. Grunge is still among our youngsters, and that is for sure; it is just not as noticeable as is used to be. But, what is exactly grunge and what direction is it taking? First, let us define what grunge is and where it comes from. Grunge as defined by web encyclopedia alt.culture is the cumulative influences of punk and ‘70s heavy metal (plus rain, coffee, cheap, potent beer, and occasionally heroin), a cohort of Seattle bands developed a soulful hard rock variant that was instrumental to alternative music’s early-‘90s move underground (altculture. com). Among the bands included in the definition Nirvana would be mainly the one that made this phenomenon popular. Released in 1991, Nevermind—a record by an obscure band working in a genre considered as hopelessly uncommercial—launched the grunge phenomenon and marked an era of unprecedented exposure for alternative acts. Then other bands like Pearl Jam, Stone Temple Pilots, Soundgarden, Candlebox followed the trail that Nirvana started in the grunge w... ...congregations of grunge believers. This is where the most amateur alternative bands debut and discover their little local fame. Obviously, most of them don’t make it to the top. Our society is still very commercially oriented and the grunge phenomenon is not as large as to promote all but very few bands to be the representatives of the movement. So, go ahead; open your eyes and discover that grunge is not gone as it seems, it is still among us. Even though it may be wearing new costumes or listening to a different style of music, it is still the same. It is that counter-current movement that kids of new generations want to embrace as their liberty flag. It is that non-conformist dilemma, the spark that lights the fire of those who believe that mainstream society is not the only one. Grunge is still around, maybe not as popular as before, but stronger than ever.

Bendigo Bank Head Office

In a close outlook, one would perhaps be attracted by the attractive nature of the Bending Bank Head Office. The building is in a potential and attractive architectural design with various environmental friendly features. Its feature is perhaps a potential tool that promotes the facets of going green to protecting the environment. What specific feature can be ascribed to this building? Are they potential tools towards protecting the environment? However, these questions are adequately answered by the physique of the building. The architectural design is provided to be environmental friendly.(http://www. plugger. com. au/view/1847308/) The building is smartly located in first 5 Green star building, which is one of the Australian cities. By its physical outlook, the bank’s main building comprises of six storeys, the ground, four office floors and a car park. The floors assigned for the office has a leasable area which is approximated as been 13577 square meters. This building is architecturally linked to the former building for the bank’s Head office which therefore provides office space specification of around 16000 square meters. (http://www.plugger. com. au/view/1847308/) The architectural component of the building comprises of various ESD features that have come as an innovation to improve the potential relationship between the building and the environment. The features are many and provide a very attractive image of the building. These includes an under floor system of air conditioning, both gray and black system of water recycling, external systems of sun shades which are build on the western and northern sides of the building and internal blinds that are uniquely automated.Elsewhere, the building has windows of a double glazed capacity that provide deep sect of lighting within its framework. It has a light dimming compensation system for the daylight, which is made of a unique architectural perimeter zone. (http://www. plugger. com. au/view/1 847308/) A system of collecting rainwater is evident which creates saving of water for use in various processes within the building. It has an attractive package of workstations and carpets as well as low paint emission that permit collective cleanliness and attractiveness in the building.A package of water heating system of solar energy provides a tool for energy saving within the building. Uniquely, it has an atria of two full length of height that are used in ensuring that the staff are placed within a domain of 8 metres in reach of the natural light. (http://www. bendigobank. com. au/public/Community/index. asp) The complimentary physical characteristics are perhaps an important tool that guides towards sustainable and environmental friendly situation. Firstly, the nature of the building is specially structured in making a reduction in power use by 50%.This is an important aspect in the campaign of going green towards saving the environment. Either, it has a potentially high qua lity in internal environment, which is provided by more light penetration and the substance of fresh air within its space. Its architectural design is specifically made to improve the productivity of its staff through high standard working conditions. It has features aimed at both waste and water recycling to keep the environment clean. The material used for its coating and furnishing are of high environmental friendly standards permitting reasonable condition.It has been rated as a 5 Green star building due to its high architectural environment. (Karlson, Michael, 2005, 98) Generally, Bendigo Bank is focused on the community and the general environment. The development of its new office was to capture the ideal essence of the reflection that it has towards the environment and general high conditions for work by its staff. To meet this challenge, it has a compound of high quality and a location that is friendly to its staff in terms of the environment. It has ensured high quality in door air condition and saving structures for water and energy.Achieving this goal was contributed by its choice of excellent builder and architects, which worked together with the bank’s administration as a team. (Gray, Geoffrey, 2001, 66) Work cited Bendigo Bank’s 5 Star Green Building In Regional Australia Retrieved on 8th May 2008 from http://www. plugger. com. au/view/1847308/ Bendigo Bank. Retrieved on 8th May 2008 from http://www. bendigobank. com. au/public/Community/index. asp Karlson, H & Michael, H. The Natural Advantage of Nature. Earthscan, 2005, pp. 66 Gray, I & Geoffrey, L. A Future for Regional Australia: Escaping Global, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 98

Globalization In The Fashion Industry Essay - 1558 Words

The 21st century saw a rising alarm about the intricate relationships between people, places and commodities and it is crucial to discuss the framework of commodity chains in order to study the gaps in the connection between consumers and producers. The globalization of the fashion industry is mainly driven by international retailers (Gereffi, Humphrey Sturgeon, 2005: 79) and extends to every part of the world, leaving the Global South to suffer for the needs of the people of the North. These companies ignite globalization and majorly contribute to the increase in manufacturing jobs from the West. As pioneers of fast fashion, many major companies have a variety of ways in which they source across the globe. Firstly, since the†¦show more content†¦This sets up the idea of fragmentation of production where these variations are exploited by capitalist firms to further their pursuit of profit (Daniels, 2015: 327). Furthermore, the World Trade Organization (WTO) released a statistical review analysing the US Dollar value of apparel, which equalled $445 billion in 2015, and even moreso in 2016. As seen in the figure above, China holds the largest percentage share in world exports with an approximation of 37% in 2016. It is then followed by the European Union (EU). The USA, although being one of the most market-dominant countries in the world and the third biggest exporter, shows a decline from 1980-2016 accounting to being under 5% of the world’s share in exports. This further exemplifies how reliant the US became on countries in the Global South to produce their clothing goods. Contrastingly, the value of imports in millions ($US) was dominated by the EU, who had 175 million dollars’ worth of the value in 2016 (see below). The USA had $90 million dollars’ worth due to its clothing conglomerates being based there, and with consumers’ purchasing power, it was of the to p importers of clothing. There is also a rise of NICs as exporters and a rapid growth in imports from Asia. This is due to a change in consumption habits, influenced by the idea of ‘fast fashion’. The idea of ‘Here Today, Gone Tomorrow’Show MoreRelatedWhy Does Fashion Change Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesWhy does fashion change? Human beings have been using clothes throughout history; however as we notice today garments that were worn in the past are not the same that are being worn today. In this essay I will develop the question ‘Why does fashion change?’ and if such changes are due to fashion as such or if there is any external influences such as marketing and media. Every change in society, including differences between cultures and living styles is reflected in the way people dress andRead MoreCultural Globalization: The Emergence of the Americanized World 685 Words   |  3 PagesAnnan once said, â€Å"Arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity†. Globalization is an inevitable phenomenon in human history that brings about greater interconnectivity and integration of people worldwide. Over the past few decades, the pace of global integration has accelerated quickly and dramatically due to unprecedented advancements in technology, communications, science, transport and industry (The World Bank, 2013). Globalization affects economical, cultural, technologicalRead MoreGlobalization, Zara and HM2684 Words   |  11 Pages | Essay Introduction The targeted industry on which the effect of globalization will be studied is the garment industry, and the two companies which we will study in this regard are Zara and HM. All the top garment industries notability Zara and HM are doing a fine job in the garments industry as they have adopted well-defined quality standards. There is a diverse research made on the garments and fabric business as they do change with respect to the trends and fashion. Both HMRead MoreJapan s Demand For British Based Capital1568 Words   |  7 PagesIn the post-Fordist economy, there are few alternative strategies which would mean to rebuild industry in the concern for British-based capital. The first strategy is ‘The Japanisation Strategy’. â€Å"Japan has been the home base for the new production, together with West Germany, Northern Italy and parts of the Scandinavian economy.† (Murray, 1989) The exclusive achievement of Japanese production industry, regularly at the expend iture of Western manufacturers, has incited this increased interest. JapanRead MoreGlobalization and Cultural Homogenization Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesThe rapid development of economic globalization and cultural globalization enhances cultural transaction between different countries. 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The entrance of Western corporations into Eastern countries may seem to benefit both the host country and the corporation itself, howeverRead MoreHow Branding Influences Consumers Luxury Fashion Choices1454 Words   |  6 Pagesbranding has enticed consumers to prefer the Prada shoe? The following essay will discuss how branding influences consumers luxury fashion choices. Bain and Company (D’Arpizio et al, 2014) state that the’ market for personal luxury goods has nearly tripled in the past 20 years’ (p. 7), with the industry reflecting healthy growth by exceeding â‚ ¬850 billion in 2014 (p. 3). It is evident that luxury consumption is a thriving industry. Despite the fact that prices of luxury goods has risen over 60 percentRead MoreHow Branding Influences Consumers Luxury Fashion Choices1530 Words   |  7 Pagesbranding has enticed consumers to prefer the Prada shoe? The following essay will discuss how branding influences consumers luxury fashion choices. Bain and Company (D’Arpizio et al, 2014) state that ’the market for personal luxury goods has nearly tripled in the past 20 years’ (p. 7), with the industry reflecting healthy growth by exceeding â‚ ¬850 billion in 2014 (p. 3). It is evident that luxury consumption is a thriving industry. Despite the fact that prices of luxury goods has risen over 60 percentRead MoreThe Alliance : A Partnership Of Convenience Between Unionists And Environmentalists1396 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironmental organizations in the United States, and nearly 16 million members (BlueGreen Alliance / About Us). The organization was founded in 2006 with the intent to address climate change in a way that creates and maintains valuable jobs in green industries (Glas, 1). The BlueGreen Alliance asserts that climate change is one of the greatest threats to both our economy and our environment, and the issue must be addressed in a way that does not stifle growth and economic development. Howe ver, thoughRead MoreCan Globalization Be Made For The Poor?3039 Words   |  13 PagesCan globalization be made to work better for the poor? Discuss with reference to at least one country in the developing world. Introduction Globalization is not a new concept. It is just advancing faster now a days, faster than ever before but it has been around hundreds or some may argue thousands of years ago. It has never had any single meaning nor had it has any definition without disagreement. It has always have different meaning to different people. Globalization is such an issue which is

We Must Understand The Past And Comprehend What Shapes The...

To discover the future, we must understand the past and comprehend what shapes the decisions that have been made. This is especially true when considering the environment, because the future generations will either suffer or enjoy the efforts that are made in the present and those that were made in times before us. So, the faith of the future generation lies within the choices that we make now and this is a burden we ought to bear with precise consciousness. One thing people have learnt from learning history is the fact human interactions influence the environment. And these effects can have varying magnitude bearings on the economy and the timeline of humans on earth. The main driving force behind human interaction with the environment is greed: The need for more. Understanding environmental history has made it clear that people do not necessarily know when to stop. Some even believe the earth is a beast that has to be tamed; all its bounties extracted and left empty and barren. Although, there is much on earth that is yet to be discovered, and the soil, sun, plants and animals are meant for consumption, the method of consumption and exploitation of others is where the issue lies. Taking at look at the video with the interview with Winona LaDuke1, she talks about how being ethical is a requirement to being a good leader/ person. An ethical person knows when it is time to stop and back down and let the earth revitalize itself. It is necessary to understand that although,Show MoreRelatedComputers And Other Types Of Electronics1576 Words   |  7 Pages For ages the question has been debated, to what do humans owe our thinking abilities and can computers and other types of electronics have the capacity to think? Over millions of years humans have developed the capacity to think critically and to have higher intelligent thinking than other animals. The human brain has evolved to have a prefrontal cortex which is responsible for executive functioning. 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Food Retail Sector Of The Food Industry - 1660 Words

1.The sector of the food industry being investigated is food retail. Food retail involves the selling of food at all levels. The organisation I choose to investigate within the food retail sector is Woolworths. 2.Woolworths provide customers with a wide range of quality products. They offer high quality and fresh produce. They mostly sell food products ranging from frozen meals, tin foods, fresh bread, deli items, milk, soft drinks, and packet foods etc. But however they also sell clothes, personal hygiene items, toys, bathroom and kitchen appliances etc. 3.The importance of using emerging technologies in food production, manufacturing and packaging is it helps improve the time, cost, efficiency and environment of the product being†¦show more content†¦4. The emerging technologies within the organisation of Woolworths that I choose impact on all sectors of the food industry in many different ways. Self-serve checkouts can impact on agriculture and fisheries by needing more produce to be grown/farmed. Due to having attracted more people by having check outs so people don’t have to wait in line. They also impact food processing and manufacture because they may need the barcodes on the products they sell to be longer/shorter or a specific way to work with the checkouts. It improves shopping within the food retail sector making it more efficient and easier to purchase goods. Self serve Checkouts can also impact on food service and catering they can run in grab what they need and quickly purchase and get back to food servi ce and catering for customers. The online shopping app can impact on agriculture and fisheries due to the app being accessible to anyone with a smartphone meaning more people can order from home because they don’t have to go into the store. Therefore meaning they will have to produce more stock to keep up with the demand. This will also effect food processing and manufacture meaning they will have to produce more packaging. It impacts on the food retail sector because they get more customers they now have to hire more people to keep up with the customers. Food service and catering can effect them because

Work Breakdown Structure to the Project Management Lifecycle

Question: Discuss about the Applying the Work Breakdown Structure to the Project Management Lifecycle? Answer: Introduction: According to Hans (2015) often the organizations face difficulties for introducing new products as it requires significant alterations in existing processes. However, Indelicato (2013) opines that bringing variation in existing services is effective to grab new business opportunities as such extensions do not require huge investments. All Seasons, a consultancy organization, provides casual staffs to its various clients in hospitality sector. The organization is currently planning to supply permanent staffs also. A new system is going to be implementing in All Seasons for business expansion purpose. The current report deals with analysis of the new system implementation project in All Seasons. Project Purpose: All Seasons generally supplies contractual staffs to its clients. Currently the organization is focusing on supplying permanent staffs to various organizations in hospitality sector. As the demand for staffs in hospitality sector fluctuates highly, AllSeasons management requires assessing the suitability of candidates before sending them to clients for interview. However, management also requires developing interview schedules after discussing with candidates and client organizations. It is evident that the management needs modifying their existing system of service delivery to increase efficiency of the new service. Outcomes of this project will enable All Season management to implement a new system for expanding their business. Analysis on the new service of All Seasons indicate that the organization require to execute some new tasks. Tasks Performed by Short listing applicants from available candidates Placement officer Assessing short listed candidates Placement officer Providing feedback on candidates to clients Placement officer Describing the terms of recruitment to candidates Arrangement officer Sending list of selected candidates to contract managers Arrangement officer Checking validly of contract with clients Contract manager Finalizing interview schedule Contract manager Negotiating and Accepting fees Arrangement department Table 1: Tasks in the new system Table 1 indicates the list of tasks which are going to be completed as a part of new support system. However, first three tasks are new to All Season staffs. Rest tasks of the new system are similar to those in existing process. Identification and description of stakeholders: According to Kloppenborg (2012) stakeholders of a project are those people who are either working for it or arranging for resources required for successful completion of project. However, Huemann (2013) also opines that the people who can be impacted by the outcomes of project are considered as stakeholders. On other hand Kerzner (2013) states that even after identifying all people directly or indirectly related with a project, it cannot be assured that all stakeholders are identified. However, according to Muller and Soderlund, (2015) the stakeholders of a project can be categorized on basis of their relation with project. In case of current project All Seasons staffs, client organizations and the applicants are considered as stakeholder. The identified stakeholders are categorized according to their involvement with the new system implementation project. Type of involvement Internal stakeholder External stakeholder Involved with the project process Contract manager Arrangement officer Placement officer Future Applicants Involved with the project outcomes Existing pool of candidates Client organizations Table 2: Identification of stakeholders and their involvement with project Internal and external stakeholders of this project are identified in table 2. The table also reflects how these stakeholders are involved with this project. Implementation of the new system can require development of new contracts with client organizations. It will engage contract manager with the project. The new system also deals with different tasks such as short listing applicants, scheduling interviews and placing them in client companies. It indicates that the duties of placement officer and arrangement officer may be modified. However, as AllSeasons is going to supply permanent staffs it will be more selective while short listing the applicants. Thus the applicants may be affected by the new process as the criteria for applying may change. As the selection process will be changed, existing candidates of All Seasons require modifying their skills for being selected. The client organizations also require revising their selection process to hire candidates supplied by AllSeasons. The discussion indicates that project outcomes will impact on the existing candidate pool and clients. Equivalent diagram: Figure 1: Equivalent diagram for All Seasons Project Identification of key deliverables of a project enables to get information regarding flow of processes (Brotherton et al., 2015). However, identification of subtasks is also important to determine order of events within a project (Eric Kirkland, 2014).Roberts (2011) suggests that proper milestones require to be decided before executing the tasks of project. In this report important tasks of new system implementation project in All Seasons are identified. The figure 1 reflects ordering of these tasks. However, Key deliverable of this project is suitable candidates for client organization. Tasks will be repeated in project until the suitable candidates are supplied. Description of events: Name of Events Type of Event Sources of Event Conditions Activities Responses Destination of responses Acceptance of requests from clients External Receiving request for staffs from client organization A contract is present between All Seasons and client Checking validity of contracts Identification of valid contract Placement department Primary selection of candidates Internal Requirement of sending candidates to client Candidates with desired skills are available Judging the candidates according to their skills and experiences and determining whether these are matching with the desired profile. Recording the feedbacks on selected candidates and creating list of selected candidate List of selected candidates will be forwarded to Arrangement officer Describing the terms of recruitment to candidates Internal Primary selection of candidates All terms and conditions for further recruitment process are clearly demonstrated Demonstration of terms and conditions and identifying whether candidates agree with it List of Agreed candidates Arrangement Department Interview Scheduling External Primary selection of agreed candidates NA Discussion with candidates and clients on schedule Finalizing schedule Client and candidate Final Selection of candidates External Successful schedule of interview Interviews are scheduled with client organization Sending candidates to client company Getting feedback on candidates from clients and obtaining list of selected candidates Arrangement department Accepting Fees from client External Final selection of applicants Successful negotiation with client Negotiating with client and sending invoice of fees Client agrees on fees Arrangement department Table 3: Description of events in new system Table 3 reflects the vents which are going to be performed as a part of new system in All Seasons. Morris (2013) opines that the identification of subtasks is important for successful completion of projects. Success of a project depends on the development of realistic milestones (Roberts, 2011). The process of segmenting a project into different subtasks depends on its key deliverables (Eric Kirkland, 2014). Identification of subtasks is also important for determining the flow of information and resource requirement of a project (Huemann, 2013). Brotherton et al. (2015) opined that identification of subtasks provides information regarding lifecycle of project. In this project the events of new business process are identified. However, analysis on the identified events indicates that the management of All Seasons does not require developing a completely new process. Existing staffing process followed by the organization can be modified to meet requirements of clients. According to the policies of All Seasons management, a client can request for services only a valid contract is present with All Seasons and the client organization. At the initial phase of this process, contact manager will check validity of the contract. If the contract is found valid selection process of candidates will start. For permanent candidates the primary selection will be done by placement department. After that the candidates will be demonstrated about recruitment terms and will also be sent for interview. After receiving the final list of selected candidates from client, Arrangement department of All Seasons will send invoice for fees to the Client. Documentation of assumptions: In this project it is assumed that the candidates with desired skills and experiences will be available in the existing candidate pool. It is also assumed that the candidates are able to be selected after interview taken by client. However, it may happen that suitable candidates are not found from existing pool. Candidates who are primarily selected may not be selected after final round. Apart from these the selected candidates may not agree with the terms and conditions of recruitment. In these cases the selection process will be repeated until All Seasons become able to meet clients requirement. It is also assumed that no complexity will arise regarding acceptance of fees. However All Seasons management can take legal steps in case of any breach of contract. Conclusion: Analysis on the All Seasons project indicates that successful implementation of new business process depends on execution of each event associated with the process. However, success of the new business process also depends on the contribution of external and internal stakeholders. References: Brotherton, S., Fried, R. and Norman, E. (2015). Applying the Work Breakdown Structure to the Project Management Lifecycle. 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